{"id":955,"date":"2015-04-26T13:44:05","date_gmt":"2015-04-26T17:44:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rachel-smith-live.prev21.rmkr.net\/?p=955"},"modified":"2024-05-13T01:53:57","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T01:53:57","slug":"pronounce-ae-n-m-n","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rachelsenglish.com\/pronounce-ae-n-m-n\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b]"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The AA vowel changes when it\u2019s followed by a nasal consonant \u2013 it\u2019s no longer a pure AA vowel. See how it changes and sound very American when you say words like \u2018thanks\u2019 and \u2018man\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"entry-tags\">Tagged With: <a href=\"https:\/\/rachelsenglish.com\/tag\/aa-nasals\/\" rel=\"tag\">AA + Nasals<\/a><\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">YouTube blocked?<\/span> <\/strong><a href=\"#video\">Click here to see the video.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GxGWdoau7vc\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b]: American English Pronunciation\" title=\"Play video &quot;How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b]: American English Pronunciation&quot;\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GxGWdoau7vc<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GxGWdoau7vc\" title=\"How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b]: American English Pronunciation\">How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b]: American English Pronunciation (https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GxGWdoau7vc)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/p>\n<p><h2>Video Transcript:<\/h2><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent1\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This is in response to an email that I recently received:<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent2\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Hi. I&#8217;m a little confused about the &#8216;bat&#8217; sound<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent3\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">when it precedes the consonants nn, ng, and mm<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent4\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">&#8211; that is the N, NG, and M consonant sounds \u2013<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent5\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">because in dictionaries they are all written<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent6\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">with the bat vowel sound.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent7\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">But I actually find them to be more like something else. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent8\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">I&#8217;d really like to get this straight, thank you very much<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent9\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This is an excellent point. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent10\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">I had been thinking of doing a blog entry on this myself<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent11\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">and had not really jelled the idea<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent12\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">and so thank you so much for this email. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent13\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This is exactly right, that when the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; [\u00e6] vowel<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent14\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">sound is followed by an N [n], M [m], or NG [\u014b]<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent15\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">consonant sound within the same syllable,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent16\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">the &#8216;aa&#8217; vowel sound is really not a pure &#8216;aa&#8217; vowel<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent17\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">sound, even though it is written that way in IPA. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent18\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This case is similar to the dark L sound, which I<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent19\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">did a blog on and have since referenced many times. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent20\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">And the dark L sound is written in IPA simply as an L,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent21\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">but when it is at the end of a word or syllable,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent22\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">it is always preceded by a vowel-like sound<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent23\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">no matter what else comes before it. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent24\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Now, this is slightly different in that the case<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent25\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">is only with the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; vowel<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent26\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed by one of these three consonant sounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent27\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Let&#8217;s go ahead and break down an example. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent28\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The word pan: it is written with the pp consonant sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent29\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; vowel sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent30\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">and the nn consonant sound in IPA.<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent31\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pp-aa-nn. Now, watch my mouth<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent32\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as I say the word: pan. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent33\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The mouth does not open as much as it<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent34\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">does on the pure &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; vowel sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent35\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pp-aa-nn, pan. So what is the vowel sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent36\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">if not a pure &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217;? <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent37\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pan. Paa-aa-aa &#8211; the first thing you can see<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent38\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">is that the corners of the lips, though they do<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent39\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">come up a little bit, it&#8217;s not as drastic<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent40\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">a pull as it is in the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent41\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pan, pan. It&#8217;s much more subtle. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent42\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The tongue however, stays in the same position. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent43\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pan. So the tongue is the same as the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217;. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent44\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The other major difference is that the jaw<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent45\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">doesn&#8217;t drop quite as much as it does<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent46\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">on the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; sound. Pan, pan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent47\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Here we see the two side-by-side. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent48\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">On the left is the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; pure<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent49\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">vowel sound being spoken on its own. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent50\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">On the right is the word pan being spoken. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent51\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">So you can see again that the corners of the mouth<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent52\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">do not come back and up as much in the word pan<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent53\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as they do in the pure vowel sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent54\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">and the jaw does not drop quite as much. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent55\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">However, as you can see, the tongue position is the same. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent56\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The other thing to note is that it is not a single sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent57\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">it is more of a diphthong sound &#8211; pan \u2013<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent58\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">of this modified aa going into a schwa before the N sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent59\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Paa-uh-nn, paauhn, pan. A few other words<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent60\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">that have this &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217;<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent61\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed by the nn consonant sound: animal, tan, and, pan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent62\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This modified aa vowel is the same when it is followed<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent63\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">by the M consonant sound within the same syllable. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent64\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">For example, the word Pam. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent65\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">This is the same sound as in case 1 when the &#8216;aa&#8217;<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent66\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as in &#8216;bat&#8217; was followed by an N. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent67\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">It is this modified &#8216;aa&#8217; sound followed by a schwa. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent68\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Pam. Other example words: dam, am, ambiguous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent69\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">The third case: when it is followed by an NG ng sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent70\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Now in IPA, when these are in the same syllable,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent71\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">again, the &#8216;aa&#8217; vowel sound is written<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent72\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed directly by the ng consonant sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent73\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">It is not, however, a pure aa sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent74\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">In this case, however, the sound is not the same<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent75\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as it is in the previous two cases<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent76\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">where it was the modified aa followed by a schwa. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent77\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">In this case, when it is followed by the NG sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent78\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">it is actually like the &#8216;ay&#8217; as in &#8216;say&#8217; diphthong. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent79\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Let&#8217;s take, for example, the word &#8216;anger&#8217; and the word &#8216;danger&#8217;. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent80\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">An-anger, dan-anger. To me, the sounds like<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent81\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">the exact same vowel sound preceding the ng,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent82\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">NG consonant sound. Anger, danger, ang, ang. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent83\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Now, in IPA, the word anger is written<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent84\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">with the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; sound, followed by the &#8216;ng&#8217; sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent85\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">In IPA the word danger is written<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent86\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">with the &#8216;ay&#8217; as in &#8216;say&#8217; diphthong. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent87\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">And as I&#8217;ve just said, to me, to my ear,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent88\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">these sounds are exactly the same. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent89\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">Anger. So, when the &#8216;aa&#8217; sound is written in IPA,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent90\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed by the NG sound, as in anger, it is really<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent91\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">pronounced much more as the &#8216;ay&#8217; as in &#8216;say&#8217; diphthong. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent92\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">A few more examples: hang, bang, language, fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span id=\"STtranscriptContent93\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">So, the IPA is not a perfect tool. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent94\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">It doesn&#8217;t capture every sound within a language perfectly. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent95\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">And that is understandable, as language is such a complex thing. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent96\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">So the lesson here is when you read a word<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent97\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">written in IPA with the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent98\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed in the same syllable by an M or an N<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent99\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">consonant sound, it is actually pronounced<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent100\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as a modified aa sound going into a schwa<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent101\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">making a diphthong-like sound. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent102\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">And that modified aa is one in which<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent103\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">the jaw does not drop quite as much<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent104\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">and the corners of the mouth do not<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent105\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">come back and up quite as much. <\/span><span id=\"STtranscriptContent106\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">When you see the &#8216;aa&#8217; as in &#8216;bat&#8217; sound<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent107\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">followed by the ng NG consonant sound,<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent108\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">within the same syllable, it is pronounced<\/span> <span id=\"STtranscriptContent109\" class=\"STtranscriptContent\">as the &#8216;ay&#8217; as in &#8216;say&#8217; diphthong.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"video\"><\/a><strong>Video:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 640px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('video');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-955-1\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/07f1c47b71c75472a3cc-b7eea9689205a6672fd1aa00be922d89.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com\/26%20-%20How%20to%20Pronounce%20AA%20before%20%5Bn%5D%2C%20%5Bm%5D%2C%20or%20NG%20American%20English%20Pronunciation.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/07f1c47b71c75472a3cc-b7eea9689205a6672fd1aa00be922d89.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com\/26%20-%20How%20to%20Pronounce%20AA%20before%20%5Bn%5D%2C%20%5Bm%5D%2C%20or%20NG%20American%20English%20Pronunciation.mp4\">https:\/\/07f1c47b71c75472a3cc-b7eea9689205a6672fd1aa00be922d89.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com\/26%20-%20How%20to%20Pronounce%20AA%20before%20%5Bn%5D%2C%20%5Bm%5D%2C%20or%20NG%20American%20English%20Pronunciation.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The AA vowel changes when it\u2019s followed by a nasal consonant \u2013 it\u2019s no longer a pure AA vowel. See how it changes and sound very American when you say words like \u2018thanks\u2019 and \u2018man\u2019. YouTube blocked? Click here to see the video. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GxGWdoau7vcVideo can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: How to Pronounce [\u00e6] [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":298630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[214],"tags":[72],"class_list":{"0":"post-955","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-practice-american-sounds","8":"tag-aa-nasals","9":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b] - Rachel&#039;s English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rachelsenglish.com\/pronounce-ae-n-m-n\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Pronounce [\u00e6] before [n], [m], or [\u014b] - Rachel&#039;s English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The AA vowel changes when it\u2019s followed by a nasal consonant \u2013 it\u2019s no longer a pure AA vowel. See how it changes and sound very American when you say words like \u2018thanks\u2019 and \u2018man\u2019. YouTube blocked? 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